HEALTH & 

WELLBEING CENTRE

Growing Up Online: How Digital Masculinity Affects Boys’ Self-Esteem, Emotions and Belonging

Common Sense Media conducted a nationally representative survey of 1,017 adolescent boys age 11 to 17 across the United States in July 2025 to understand how digital environments shape masculine identity development during adolescence. The study examined boys' engagement patterns across social media platforms and gaming communities, their exposure to online masculinity content and influencers, and how these digital experiences relate to their emotional well-being, self-esteem, and real-world relationships. Read the report 

Key takeaways are: 

• Nearly three-quarters of adolescent boys regularly see "digital masculinity" content. 
• Over two-thirds encounter problematic gender stereotypes online. 
• Boys with heavy digital masculinity exposure have more negative self-esteem. 
• Boys with high digital masculinity exposure are significantly more likely to suppress their emotions and avoid vulnerability, but they maintain the capacity to care for others. 
• Boys who are exposed to higher levels of digital masculinity content are more likely to report being lonely. 
• Many boys feel pressure to follow "unwritten rules" to avoid teasing. 
• Ninety-one percent of boys encounter body transformation messages online. 
• Adolescent boys live and connect online: 94% use social media or games daily. 
• Most boys (58%) find a sense of belonging in gaming, but observe widespread problematic behaviors. 
• Algorithms, not user intent, are the primary driver of boys' exposure to masculinity content. 
• Content creators and influencers have emerged as significant sources of guidance and emotional support for adolescent boys; 60% find them inspirational, and 56% receive practical help. 
• Real-world relationships are crucial for boys' mental health and self-esteem. Parents are boys' first choice for support, but other trusted adults, including teachers and coaches, have a role to play, too.