Social Learning & Well Being
Good Values Guide Good Behaviour
“Go on, I dare you!” said Ella. The children were using the neighbour’s fence post for target practice. Tao picked up a stone and took aim. The stone hit the post and then bounced off onto the neighbour’s car breaking the windscreen.
“Oh no!” said Tao. “Good shot, Tao!” cheered Ella. “We’re in trouble now,” said Harry. “Come on, let’s go before anyone sees us,” said Tao.
Later that day, their neighbour came over. He wanted to know if anyone had seen what happened to his car. “Do you know anything about it?” asked Harry’s mother. “We don’t know anything about it,” said Ella. But Tao began to cry, “They dared me to do it.”
“It wasn’t his fault, Mum,” said Harry. “It was that stupid game.”
‘Dare’ games like this story are a common way for children to test the limits that adults set for them. At the same time, children try out their own strengths and each other’s. While this kind of behaviour is a normal part of childhood, effective guidance from adults is needed to help children develop skills to make responsible decisions and to stand up to social pressure.
Teaching children values
Values are the internal guides we have for our behaviour. They help us to make choices, and to make judgements about what is right and wrong, good or bad, fair or unfair. While cultures differ in the emphasis they place on particular values (eg. individual freedom or duty to family) there are many which are common to all cultures like respect, caring, and justice. Parents and carers are children’s first and most important teachers of values. Schools also have a major role to play in teaching values. Some of the ways that schools help children learn positive social values include:
- teaching children how to think about values and how to behave in ways that are caring, respectful etcetera
- teaching cooperative behaviours inside the classroom and in the playground
- making sure that behaviour and discipline issues are managed in ways that are positive, consistent and fair
- providing opportunities for children to practise good citizenship – through peer mentoring, student representative council, community projects, etcetera
How parents and carers can help
Parents and carers can use a range of strategies to help children learn about social values. The following ideas can help.
Teach by example
Children often learn more from what you do than what you say. Your own behaviour is important for showing children how you would like them to behave. Talking about the reasons for your behaviour can help to make your values and expectations clear.
Read and discuss stories that demonstrate positive values
Choose children’s stories that refl ect the kinds of values you want children to learn. Talk about the story and what can be learnt. You might ask questions like: “How do you think that person feels? Why do you think he/she did that? Was it a good idea? How could he/she have done it better?”
Check what children are watching on TV
Make sure that the programs children watch and the electronic games they play are suitable for their age and reflect positive values. Watching violence on television and playing violent video games can lead to aggressive behaviour.
Teach children to learn from mistakes
Mistakes provide opportunities for teaching and reinforcing positive values. Support and acknowledge children when they admit mistakes and help them find ways to make up for them. Ask them to suggest ways of repairing any damage they have caused to relationships, people or property.
Help children to think about values
Talk with children about the social values and attitudes they encounter in everyday situations and on TV.
Teaching children to question and think about social values helps them to be clear about their own values and strengthens their ability to resist pressure from peers, advertising and other media.
Teaching children about values supports their social development. It helps them develop the knowledge and skills they need to play a positive role in society.