Teaching & learning

Building Knowledge

WHAT

Building knowledge refers to the process of helping young learners develop a solid foundation of information, concepts, and vocabulary across different subjects. This foundation supports their ability to understand new ideas, make connections, and think critically.

WHY

Supports reading comprehension: 

Students understand what they read better when they already have background knowledge about the topic.

Improves thinking skills: 

A strong knowledge base allows students to ask questions, draw conclusions, and make connections.

Boosts confidence and engagement: 

Children who understand what's being taught are more likely to participate and enjoy learning.

Closes learning gaps: 

Systematic knowledge building helps all students, regardless of background, access high-level content.

Prepares for future learning: 

Early exposure to a wide range of knowledge sets the stage for deeper learning in later years.

In the classroom

• Using rich content: Introducing students to meaningful texts, stories, and real-world topics in all subjects.
• Connecting ideas: Linking new information to what students already know to deepen understanding.
• Teaching vocabulary: Explicitly teaching new words in context to expand students’ language and comprehension.
• Scaffolding learning: Providing support and gradually increasing the complexity of content.

How to support at home

• Reading together: Read a variety of books—fiction, non-fiction, poetry, etc.—and talk about them.
• Talking about the world: Discuss news, nature, people, and places during everyday conversations.
• Exploring interests: Encourage curiosity through hobbies, visits to museums, or watching educational programs.
• Asking questions: Prompt children to explain their thinking and ask follow-up questions to deepen understanding.

Resources

Teaching and learning blog by Alex Quigley: Rosenshine on Knowledge Structures